The Constitution of Medina

The focal contention in the Medina constitution is the foundation and progression of pluralism. Against the current Muslim belief systems that demoralize pluralism, the Medina constitution is one of the confirmations showing that early Muslims were majority rule and grasped pluralism. The pluralistic beliefs are spelt out in pretty much every part in the Medina constitution.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The Constitution of Medina explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The constitution of Medina plots a progression of understandings that were drawn up in the initial three years after the Hirja to end the contrasts between the individuals of Yatrib and the Muhajirun. Thus, various rights also obligations were drafted for the Jews and Muslims in Medina to bring them as Umma, an unmistakable network from the encompassing agnostic society1. The constitution established an Islamic state. Moreover, the constitution was likewise drafted to make into move the interests of the exiled people from Mecca explaining their privileges and security that interfaces the wanderers with different networks in Medina. The Medina’s constitution additionally settled a free express that essentially was a pluralistic culture including Muslims, Jews, and agnostics. The archive is apportioned into two fragments. The initial segment specifies the common relations among Muslims while the subsequent part tends to the standards that control between public worries between the Muslims and the Jews. The Medina’s constitution opens by setting up one network comprising of the exiled people from Mecca and the local Muslims. The understanding states that the Muslims of Yatrib along with their supporters just as the individuals who worked with them are one network of adherents known as the Umma. The arrangements declare that the Umma are to make war as one. The adherents will not leave anybody penniless among them by neglecting to dispense his fr eedom cash in a demonstration of benevolence. Further, adherents are to look for vengeance if any Muslim is murdered battling in the method of God. Be that as it may, in the event that a Muslim murders a kindred Muslim, at that point the standard laws of retribution keep on functioning2. Besides, the constitution attests that devotees will be contrary to any individual who tries to spread contempt, debasement just as preference among the adherents. At the end of the day, any one rehearsing the indecencies ought to be viewed as a non-devotee. Plus, the principles apply to the adherents as it were. The constitution additionally stresses on the equivalent treatment of all Muslims with worth and decency. The sanction disbands the divisions between the occupants and the displaced person Muslims in this manner introducing standards of value and reasonableness to all Muslims independent or their starting point of birth, clan or ethnic foundation. Also, the constitution doesn't overlook the occupants to procure the status of prevalence over the foreigners. Then again, the foreigners shouldn't be viewed as progressively significant. The constitution likewise perceives that the Jews who follow Muslims are not to be mixed up nor will his adversaries be assisted with doing a foul play to him. The inseparability of unbelievers is accentuated in the constitution. Thusly, when the adherents are battling in the method of God, the foundation weights on a solitary harmony made by all devotees guaranteeing equity and value to all. Besides, when devotees differ on an issue, the contract specifies that it must be submitted to God and Muhammad. Likewise, the foundation accommodates devotees to vindicate for the blood of each other shed in the method of God. The constitution further accommodates the devotees to hit back to whoever saw as liable of killing an adherent without any great reason.Advertising Looking for exposition on government? We should check whether we can support you ! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The constitution further extends the scope of the populace that it oversees. For example, the contract attests that the bond between the individuals from the Umma surpasses any connection or accords among them and the agnostics. Besides, the contract perceives the different strict, social, ethnic and phonetic properties of the Jews similarly as it perceives the comparable assortment inside the Muslim club. All things considered, the constitution recognizes the standards of value and decency among all the clans of the Jews. The sanction goes further to take out the idea that some Jewish clans are better placed3. The affirmation shows that the constitution grasps balance and sense of pride among all the Jews. What's more, the medina constitution contributes colossally in the foundation of a pluralistic culture where Medina isn't considered as a Muslim society yet a network comprising of individuals of different ethnic and strict foundatio ns. Further, the constitution gives the freedom of confidence by expressing that the Muslims have their own strict feelings and the Jews have their own confidence. What's more, the Jews are relied upon to battle along their Muslim siblings yet taking care of their own expense. The Medina contract likewise perceives that now and again of war, the Muslims pay for their own costs and the Jews bear their costs as long as there is no double-crossing. The contract declares that Medina was to be haram for its kin and Muhammad is its establishing heavenly man. The obligations of Muhammad extend from assertion of questions to tackling the issues of equity inside the city just as relations with untouchables. Further, Muhammad led a proficient retaliate against Mecca to build up power inside Medina. The Jews and the Muslims are not to do battle without the approval of Muhammad. Through the foundation of a pluralistic express, the constitution recognizes that Medina isn't just a Muslim state ye t additionally incorporates the adherents of different beliefs. For example, Medina contained the Muslims, the Jews and even agnostics. The contract additionally perceives the significance of strict resilience by leaving each adherent to rehearse its own confidence. The constitution perceives Muhammad as a prophet of God having a perfect association with God in all sides of life. Given these total confirmation in the truth imagined in Islam, the contract neglects to organize an unctuous express that powers its residents to grasp the confidence of Islam. Further, the understanding sets up common conjunction between the Jews and the Muslims so every network encourages each other during assaults. Through looking for of shared advice just as conferences and advancement of steadfastness between the networks, there is an expected end of injustice. Plainly, it is seen that with the contract, the prophet had the option to set up his clout in Medina, work out collusions with the neighboring clans and thus, complete a viable battle against Mecca. The ensuing achievement was the possible accomplishment of Medina. Reference index Kennedy, Hugh. The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the 6th to the eleventh century. London: Pearson/Longman, 2004.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The Constitution of Medina explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Footnotes 1 Kennedy Hugh, The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the 6th to the eleventh century (London: Pearson/Longman, 2004), 28. 2 Kennedy Hugh, The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the 6th to the eleventh century (London: Pearson/Longman, 2004), 31. 3 Kennedy Hugh, The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the 6th to the eleventh century (London: Pearson/Longman, 2004), 33. This exposition on The Constitution of Medina was composed and presented by client Alexa Mathis to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; nonetheless, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.

Thunder Heart analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Thunder Heart examination - Essay Example Beam can associate the presence with trick and conceal in the whole homicide adventure which puts him at loggerheads with his co-operator in the examinations. The ecological effect that the mining of uranium in the neighborhood reservation has made, is apparent in the poor condition of the zones poor water and messy condition. The mining has additionally prompted significant clash between two incredible powers prompting the passing of numerous individuals in the modest community which uncovered various social shades of malice, for example, wrongdoings, debasement and good wantonness that had been occurring in the area. The social qualities of the Native Americans is made obvious in the film in various event attributable to the way that examinations on the homicide of a previous political extremist on a Native American Reservation in South Dakota. F.B.I operator Ray Levoi has been chosen for the undertaking of driving the examination for the most part in light of his commonality with the way of life of the Natives attributable to the way that he is from a blended race foundation. The film brings out different American design which is multicultural in nature with a ton being acquired from the Native American culture (Marubbio, 102). The scene in the locale wherein the film is set depicts various nature of the American landscape. Bumpy scene means that a safe domain set apart by the presence of common highlights that could without much of a stretch go about as cover to crimes. The social ancient rarities of the Native Americans, for example, harmony channel, slippers, and teepee are made clear especially among the individuals that The FBI operator meets and meetings over the demise the government official. The utilization of local plants and creatures are significant piece of the lives of the Indians. As Ray visits the district where he has been alloted, he sees various social practices that he had been told by his parent yet had never experienced in all his years. As much as he was against the

Social Work Law and Organisational Context

Social Work Law and Organizational Context Presentation The law and association setting of social work is critical when seeing explicit cases and situations. The point of this paper is to look at two explicit cases, one including kids and families and the other including network care issues. In these cases the important issues with respect to social work and law will be recognized, and suggestions will be made in regards to the appraisal models that should be met and what the presumable result of the cases may be. This will be finished by taking a gander at applicable government enactment and case models, just as general social work and law practice. The primary area will take a gander at an instance of Children and families, and inspect the issues of huge damage and youngsters deprived comparable to the situation. There will be a meaning of these two ideas as they are spread out in the Children Act and Every Child Matters report, just as suggestions on how best to evaluate and decide the result of this case. The subsequent case will see network care issues including a debilitated parent and old carer. The evaluations in regards to the government assistance of the youngster and parent just as any potential consideration issues will be taken a gander at. This will include conference with the Children Act, the Human Rights Act, the Community Care Act and the Carer’s Act. Suggestions will be given with respect to how to appropriately evaluate this circumstance and what advantages might be offered to the gatherings in question. Situation 1 Children and Families Situation: Working in Children’s social administrations, you get a referral from a congregation specialist about the Jones family. She says that the guardians (18 and 19) are frequently affected by drink or medications, that the kids (2 and 4) are grimy and rank and not being taken care of appropriately. You are approached to do an underlying evaluation. What is the job of the nearby power when youngsters are out of luck and in the event that they are confronting noteworthy damage? What choices does the law offer to guarantee that these youngsters are protected? In this circumstance, the primary thing that should be alluded to is the Children’s Acts of 1989, and of 2004 (OPSI, 1989 and 2004). These demonstrations are the premise by which social laborers decide how in danger kids are specifically conditions, and what the appraisal models ought to be utilized when taking a gander at such a case. For this situation, the primary issues are the meanings of ‘significant harm’ and ‘children in need’. Taking a gander at the 1989 Children Act, we will begin with the idea of critical mischief. The idea of critical mischief and its definition is alluded to in segment 47 of the 1989 Children Act. This says the neighborhood authority is under an obligation to examine or make investigations into the enduring of a kid where there is cause to presume that critical damage is being done to the youngster or huge mischief is probably going to happen to the kid (OPSI, 1989, s. 47). From this, a court can possibly make an oversight request or care request if the kid is enduring or likely endure critical mischief, and this damage is brought about by the absence of satisfactory parental consideration or control (OPSI, 1989, s. 31). For this situation, ‘harm’ alludes to abuse, for example, physical and sexual maltreatment, just as mental maltreatment, poor physical or psychological well-being cause by the parent’s absence of care and hindrance of wellbeing or advancement. These variables are contrasted with what a ‘normal’ youngster would be required to have at a specific age (OPSI, 1989, S. 31(9-10)). In any case, there are no exact rules on what might comprise critical mischief for each situation. Notwithstanding this, it is genuinely clear in this situation that where liquor and medications are included and the youngsters are filthy, rancid and possibly malnourished, an obligation to examine is there. The youngsters are as a rule genuinely weakened in any event with respect to their wellbeing, and the association of liquor and medications implies this is possibly being brought about by the absence of parental consideration. In such a case, the family setting would should be taken a gander at, as would the child’s advancement, any uncommon needs the youngster has, and the specific idea of the mischief and the sufficiency of parental consideration. For this situation the guardians are both youthful, however this by itself is obviously of no specific issue as segregation laws forestall such separation of parental rights dependent on age. The most significant things for this situation is examine and demonstrate or invalidate the cases about the parent’s liquor and medication misuse, and furthermore take a gander at the specific condition of soundness of the youngsters. In any case, there is another idea to take a gander at too, with respect to the idea of kids out of luck. This definition is situated in area 17 of the 1989 Children Act. This piece of the Children Act shows where lawful work and social work consolidate to frame the evaluation rules for families (Tunstill, in Parton, 1997, pp. 40-43). The legitimate definition ‘Children in Need’ is that the youngster is probably not going to accomplish or keep up or have the open door for a sensible standard of wellbeing or improvement without arrangement of administrations from the nearby position, and that the child’s wellbeing is probably going to be debilitated or further disabled without such administrations (Surrey County Council., 2008). For this situation, it isn't yet decided if the kids are enduring a result of the guardians, or whether there is some clinical motivation behind why the kids are in a poor condition. In any case, on the off chance that it is demonstrated th at the guardians are manhandling liquor and medications; this would no doubt comprise an instance of kids out of luck or kids with the probability of enduring huge damage. Be that as it may, in such a case it is far-fetched that a perpetual consideration request would be given, and almost certain that an impermanent consideration request or management request would be set up, allowing the guardians to manage their issues and bring up their youngsters appropriately. In the event that the guardians flopped in this, at that point a perpetual consideration request might be given. There may likewise be police examinations considering the claims with respect to unlawful medication misuse. In the event that when the kids are at first evaluated they seem, by all accounts, to be in poor physical wellbeing, at that point all things considered, a crisis insurance request will be set up so as to shield the youngsters from further mischief for the time being, while the parental and family circumstance is better surveyed and taken a gander at. Along these lines the kids won't be set in further peril, and an increasingly estimated approach can occur with respect to the capacity of the guardians to take care of the youngsters (RPsych, 2008). On the off chance that the kids are removed, at that point the main alternative for some Councils at present is to put the youngsters with appropriate family members or companions. It is regularly discovered that youngsters are more joyful and less upset in such circumstances, especially for the time being. Nonetheless, this isn't generally conceivable and if not a cultivate home will be appointed for the kids should a crisis care request be set up. The utilization of medications and liquor by the guardians, whenever demonstrated, is a solid showing element of risk to the kid. In an examination in the London territory of 290 cases it has been discovered that about 1 third of cases included substance abuse, and that these youngsters were much more helpless than a considerable lot of the others along these lines. The kids were commonly extremely youthful, as for this situation, and the guardians had an assortment of issues notwithstanding the substance abuse, either straightforwardly or in a roundabout way connected to this issue. Subsequently, this case must be taken a gander at incredibly cautiously and all endeavors made to protect the youngsters (Department for Education and Skills (DfES), 2002, s. 2.16). This is especially vital in light of the fact that numerous investigations have additionally indicated that by and large, the kids were not completely shielded and insufficient was done to shield the youngsters from hurt. In spite of the fact that this must not mean taking a gander at the guardians quickly as though they were blameworthy, it is critical to completely and altogether evaluate the circumstance so the kids stay safe, as this is the main need (DfES, 2002, s. 2.11). It is clear for this situation that examination is justified; as one such charges are made there is an obligation with respect to the nearby power to explore. Notwithstanding, all together for any move to be made, the limit for noteworthy mischief should be met. As referenced before for this situation it appears to be likely that huge mischief may be happening or liable to happen, however the edge should be met, and this must be controlled by a point by point examination of the family. This can demonstrate troublesome, as an investigation of 105 cases found that there were changing understandings of critical damage, even with the rules set out in the Children Act. This can make it extremely hard to figure out what precisely establishes critical damage, and whether move ought to be made. Nonetheless, it appears that being increasingly wary and putting the privileges of the kids first, without promptly deciding the guardians as liable, is the most proper approach to act considering the rules (Brandon, Lewis, and Thoburn, 2007, pp. 15-19). Giving guardians ‘the advantage of the doubt’ or not looking profoundly into the circumstance can demonstrate amazingly hurtful, as was appeared in the Victoria Climbie case. Considering this, the administration has ensured that associations are currently significantly more incorporated, and that the standard obligation in such cases is the government assistance of the kids and ensuring the kids are protected. This implies staff can now more precisely and effectively decide instances of misuse or abuse, and they have the vital help to finish such examinations. This is absolutely significant for this situation, as the maltreatment might be difficult to decide, particularly if the youngsters are just messy or have cleanliness gives as opposed to recognizable injuries or harm (Department of Health., 2003) One of

Popular Music - No Suprises by Radio Head Essay

Well known Music - No Suprises by Radio Head - Essay Example Well known music is everything about the new force the advanced innovation has given. It is about the blend of imaginative thoughts over refined innovation. The idea of tracks, multi track recording, blending, acing and sound impacts was obscure in the start of the only remaining century. With the progress of the globe from the modern period into the silicon time set apart with the consistent ascent in notoriety of PC frameworks and its different imaginative computerized frameworks work was disentangled, robotized and refined by jumps and bound. Correspondingly in the zone of music, creators of music have widely profited by the prepared accessibility of innovation close by to just work and increment profitability. The impact †progressively number of collections discharged, greater and increasingly complex melodic undertakings executed effortlessly, an obvious change in the ‘sound’ of the music from the mid twentieth century to late twentieth century. Correspondingly, application, recognition and the whole point of view of music has experienced a change. From being utilized as an instrument to arrange developments, address social and philanthropic issues, distinguish a network to utilization for unadulterated amusement address worldwide issues and in particular for getting by out of music. In the following segments of the paper we will talk about Popular Music in far more noteworthy detail with writing survey, point by point examination of well known music track ‘No Surprises’ by contemporary pop band Radio Head. At the point when we examine about Popular Music we talk about culture. We are attempting to watch melodic subtleties of a melodic classification that has overwhelmed the world in the only remaining century and has now become standard or at the end of the day famous. No Surprises †Analysis of Video On tuning in to the music video No Surprises by Radio head one can in a split second identify with the pity where the storyteller/vocalist is suffocated into. The music, the visual components, the foundation pictures, the verses, light impacts, audio effects, vocal tone and tweak all pass on only one message †a stifled distress that should be vented out. On tuning in to the tunes and watching the related visual this sentiment of misery turns out to be considerably increasingly clear and unmistakable. The rising water level in the water tight glass case holding the leader of the vocalist Thom Yorke is emblematic of the bigger issues and the normal saying, â€Å"keeping the head over water†. Here in this video he day breaks an inert articulation while he sings the tunes with the water level ascending in his glass protective cap until he gets completely lowered inside it. He scarcely figures out how to keep his head over the water. The wa ter here represents different issues: social, political, financial, philanthropic, connections, enthusiastic and so forth. These things are portrayed to be running wild and taking the sudden way, making difficulty and cracks among individuals. Verse setting The tune discusses a man’s weight of life. It discusses the weight in the heart because of different reasons and condition winning in his life and his encompassing including a legislature that has deceived its unwavering residents, work that leaves nothing throughout everyday life and a developing separation among individuals and their feelings. Everybody is in their own excited pursuitof objectives and yearnings without thinking about the bigger great and the less difficult things throughout everyday life. The storyteller of the tune has a great deal of comments and he does it through this straightforward melodious verse with least utilization of words and

The Meanings and Variations of Brother

The Meanings and Variations of Brother The Meanings and Variations of Brother The Meanings and Variations of Brother By Mark Nichol Sibling, from the Old English word brothor and related with the Latin expression frater and the Greek word phrater (the two of which mean â€Å"fellow group member†), implies not just â€Å"a male with at least one guardians in common† yet has additionally come, by expansion, to allude to a man with whom one has a security or a typical intrigue. It likewise applies to national or racial shared characteristic, as in the term â€Å"soul brother,† which in American English portrays a dark male. What's more, it can allude freely to a male family member or conventionally to something that is like something different. In strict settings, it signifies a pastor or an individual from a strict request who has not been appointed. The plural is either siblings or, in formal and strict settings, the obsolete structure brethren. The nature of being a sibling, truly or metaphorically, is fraternity, and kindly is the word intensifying structure. A kindred spirit is truly a sibling by birth or metaphorically somebody with whom one offers an obligation of dependability; initially, the term suggested the stately trade of blood between two men, regularly by blending blood at the purpose of a slight self-caused wound. Sibling german is a specialized lawful term relating to the default meaning of sibling â€Å"a man or kid who has both of indistinguishable guardians from a given person,† instead of a stepbrother, who shares just one parent, or a stepbrother, the child of a stepparent. In like manner, a sister-german offers the two guardians with a given individual. (The term german, from the Latin word germanus, implies â€Å"having the equivalent parents† and is disconnected to the formal person, place or thing alluding to an individual from Germany.) Faithful comrade initially carefully alluded to a kindred soldier in a similar military assistance, however by augmentation it suggests anybody one is firmly connected with. (Since ladies have as of late had a huge job in the military, no proportional term created for female troopers, yet the term sisters-in-arms has been utilized inconsistently, for example, in the title of a narrative about female warriors in battle.) Informal employments of sibling incorporate â€Å"brother’s keeper,† a reference to the scriptural trade wherein Cain fights, â€Å"Am I my brother’s keeper?† when God solicits the whereabouts from Cain’s sibling Abel, whom Cain has executed. (The contemporary idea behind the expression is of reliant duty among individuals.) Meanwhile, â€Å"Big Brother† is a reference (from George Orwell’s epic Nineteen Eighty-Four) to a divine tyrant pioneer or any administration substance that rehearses harsh reconnaissance or control. In any case, â€Å"big brother† likewise alludes conventionally to one’s more established male kin or to a man who tutors a kid to whom he isn't connected. Ongoing colloquialisms incorporate manly relationship, a portmanteau word from sibling and sentiment, relating to delineations in mainstream society of close dispassionate companionships among men, and brogrammer, a concoction of sibling and software engineer that implies self-assured, manly software engineers, a uniqueness from the generalization of innovatively skilled yet genuinely and socially cumbersome guys. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Vocabulary class, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:85 Synonyms for â€Å"Help†15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their Synonyms5 Tips to Understand Hyphenated Words

Should You Use an Installment Loan to Pay Off Your Credit Cards

Should You Use an Installment Loan to Pay Off Your Credit Cards Should You Use an Installment Loan to Pay Off Your Credit Cards? Should You Use an Installment Loan to Pay Off Your Credit Cards?Consolidating all of your credit card debt into a single installment loan will likely save you money, but itll probably mean larger monthly payments.Spending yourself into credit card debt is fairly simple: You spend more money on the cards than you currently have and repeat until youre maxed out. Getting yourself out of credit card debt, on the other hand, is a bit more complicated. You have many options, and none of them are easy.One of the ways you could pay off that debt is to consolidate all those cards into a single debt: a personal installment loan. You use that loan to pay off all your credit cards, leaving you with only one easy payment to make each month. Is this the best method for you? Read on to find out …Here’s how installment loans work.When you take out a personal loan, it’s going to be structured as an installment loan. This means that you pay the loan off in a series of fixed, regular payments. Yo u’ll be borrowing a single lump sum of money that you will repay plus interest.The interest rate on your personal loan will vary depending on your credit score. The higher your score, the more creditworthy you will be to a potential lender and the less interest they will charge you. The lower your score, the riskier you will seem and the more interest they will charge you in order to account for it.Interest on installment loans is accrued over time. The longer a loan is outstanding, the more interest it will accrue. However, that interest will accrue based on the remaining principal, so the actual amount of money you accrue in interest will grow smaller over time.Lastly, installment loans are amortizing, which means that every payment you make goes towards both the principal owed and the interest. The amount that goes towards each is determined by the loan’s amortization schedule, but you can rest assured that every on-time payment you make will bring you one step close to being out of debt.Will the loan save you money?Okay, so this question is actually pretty simple to answer: Yes, paying off your credit cards with an installment will almost certainly save you money in the long run.Here’s why: The standard term for a personal installment loan is anywhere between one and five years. And no matter how long the loan’s repayment term is, it’s pretty much guaranteed to be shorter than the length of time it would take you to pay off your credit cards making only the minimum payments.The monthly minimums for credit cards are often very small, with each payment only accounting for something like one to three percent of the amount owed. When interest rates are factored in, it could take you well over a decade to pay off those cards.Remember, the longer a loan or credit card is outstanding, the more money you will end up paying towards interest. All things being the same, the shorter repayment option will always be the one that saves you money overall.What’ s the interest rate?As we mentioned up above, interest rates for both personal loans and credit cards will vary depending on your credit score. So if you have good credit, you’ll probably be able to qualify for some personal loans at a reasonable interest rate.Furthermore, the interest rates for personal loans are generally lower than the interest rates for credit cards. So even if the rate is higher than you might prefer, it’s still probably lower than the rate you’re paying on your credit card.However, racking up a lot of excess credit card debt is going to lower your credit score, as the amount of debt you owe is the second most important factor in your credit score. This decreases the likelihood that you’ll find an online loan or a loan from brick-and-mortar lender  with a great rate.It’s a bit of a Catch-22 scenario: You want to find a low-cost personal loan to pay down your credit card debt, but you need to pay down your credit card debt in order to qualify for the l ow-cost personal loan.If you have a lousy score, you might be stuck with bad credit loans that actually have a higher interest rate than your credit cards. Way higher. Even if these loans don’t have rates as high as no credit check loans like payday loans, title loans, and cash advances, you’re still probably best off skipping debt consolidation and just trying to pay down your credit cards outright.What are your monthly payments?We mentioned earlier that the monthly minimum payments for credit cards are very small. Its a double-edged sword; those small payments make it much harder to get out of debt but it also means theyre fairly affordableâ€"especially relative to the amount of debt you owe in total.This is where we arrive at the biggest issue with consolidating your debt through a personal installment loan: Even with a lower interest rate, those shorter repayment terms almost guarantee that your monthly payment will be larger than the monthly minimums on your credit cards.If you’re struggling to afford your monthly minimum payments, this could make consolidation a non-starter for you. Saving money in the long run is great, but you still have to be able to afford your payments in the here and now.Here’s the flipside: Any debt repayment plan is going to involve paying more each month than you’re currently paying towards your monthly minimums. Don’t let those larger payments discourage you: trim your budget, maybe pick up a second job or side hustle, and get crackin’.What are other methods of debt repayment?Consolidating your credit cards onto a personal installment loan is a viable method of debt repaymentâ€"especially if you’ve got a decent credit scoreâ€"but it’s far from the only method out there.The two most popular debt repayment methods are the Debt Snowball and the Debt Avalanche. Both of these involve putting all of your extra debt repayment funds towards one debt at a time, rather than spreading them around evenly. The difference c omes in how they prioritize which debts to pay off first.With the Debt Snowball, you pay off your debt with the lowest balance first, working your way up to the debt with the largest balance. This will actually cost you a little more money in the end, but it prioritizes early victories to help you get the encouragement you need to keep going.The Debt Avalanche, on the other hand, keeps its eyes on the numbers. It has you prioritize your debts by interest rate, paying off the highest-rate debt first and then working your way down to the debt with the lowest rate. This saves you money compared to the Debt Snowball, but it could leave you waiting awhile before you notch your first debt pay-off victory.Lastly, you could transfer your credit card balances onto other cards using a zero percent APR offer. This gives you an interest-free grace period to work with, but carries the sizeable risk of leaving you with more credit card debt than when you began.To read more about getting out of de bt, check out  these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Want to Pay Off Your Debt? Try Building a Better Budget!What to Do When You Have Too Much Medical DebtFinancial Priorities: Which Debts Should You Pay Off First?8 Good Habits to Get Your Financesâ€"and Your Lifeâ€"on TrackDo you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |Instagram

Andrew Jackson Impact and Legacy - Free Essay Example

In the election of 1824, Andrew Jackson had won the popular vote against John Quincy Adams but did not win the presidency as there was no clear majority in the Electoral College vote which allowed the House of Representatives to choose the next President. When Jackson did not win, his loyal followers called fraud, as they believed that President Adams had negotiated with the then Speaker of the House Henry Clay, in an effort to ensure that Adams would get the presidency in exchange for Clay getting the office of Secretary of State, and this was labeled the corrupt bargain. This, however, made Jackson emerge as a prominent figure in American politics and marked the start of the Jacksonian Period. Although during the Jacksonian period there was a continuation of increase in executive power, which wasnt very democratic, the policies and actions made by Jackson both during and after his presidency fostered change that created increase in democratic ideals. There was a significant increment in the representation in politics for the white man, as well as the creation of political parties in response several Jacksonian policies. Despite the fact that these changes were not all desired effects that Jackson wanted to have in democracy, they still show how much democratic values increased in the years of 1824 to 1848. As stated previously, during the period 1824-1848 there was a continuation of the increase in executive power in comparison to the earlier years of the United States. This can be seen when President Jackson vetoed the bill passed Daniel Webster and Henry Clay that would recharter the Bank of the United States. In his veto address, Jackson explains that he considered the bank unconstitutional, completely disregarding the decision of the Supreme Court in McCulloch v. Maryland which had already declared the bank constitutional. With this veto, President Jackson established an undemocratic precedent that would effectively allow the President to disregard a decision made by the Supreme Court, therefore increasing executive power. In addition to this, Jackson also introduced the Force Bill as a response to the compromise Tariff of 1833 that seeked to solve the Nullification Crisis of 1832. Through the Force Bill, Jackson established that the President could use the armed forces in effort t o collect taxes. Obviously this was a clear violation of the democratic ideals that had been practiced in America until this time period as the usage of the army was mostly reserved for War with foreign powers and not inside the nation. However, this increase of executive power had been a trend with previous presidents, as observed with Thomas Jeffersons Louisiana Purchase even though the power of such purchase was not vested upon him in the constitution, which shows this continuity that mostly did not follow the movement of the expansion in democratic values during the Jacksonian Era. Yet, Jackson justified this increase of usage of executive power as he believed that he was the President chosen by the masses. The emergence of Jackson into the presidency in 1828 signified the rise of the masses as the majority voters in America, a change that had not been previously observed with other Presidents that were mostly chosen by land-owning white men. However, Westward expansion during the Jacksonian Period of 1824-1848 provided a change, as more white males could acquire cheap land more easily and therefore could have more political representation. The Indian Removal Act allowed for more settlers to continue in westward expansion and white settlers could get property. During the Jacksonian period, more states allowed for white males to vote without property, but the further aquiarance of land for Westward expansion allowed the representation of most white men and therefore there was an increase in democracy as the President was now chosen by a more evident majority. In both of the Presidential elections of 1824 and 1828, Jackson was mostly associated with the ideas of the common man as he was a President that appealed to the newly represented masses. This idea of the importance of someone who could relate to the masses continued through the Jacksonian Era, as observed with the election in 1840 between Martin Van Buren, a Democrat who was the President at that time, and William Henry Harrison, a military officer who most notably fought in the Battle of Tippecanoe. In this election, William Henry Harrison played with his appeal to the common man as he was targeted by a Democratic editor who said that most likely drank hard cider and lived in a log cabin. This humble approach to Harrison won him the election as it associated him more with the masses, who had now become a majority when they were given more representation. Through the change that was made with Jacksonian policies and actions around this time period, there was a significant increase in the democratic value of representation. Political parties before the Jacksonian period were not as defined as they emerged to be after during and after Jacksons presidency. For instance, with the war of 1812, came the dissolvement of the Federalist party and there was only one party without any opposition, the Democratic Republicans, in what was denominated as the Era of Good Feeling. This was changed with the Jacksonian era, as there was the rise of differing political parties; the Democrats, which mostly aligned with President Jackson, and the other parties that were created as a response to Jacksons actions and policies. The Democrats rallied around Jackson and insisted in the importance of the individual, states rights, and wished to end the aristocracy present in the government. The Jacksonian Democrats became a dominant party in this time period and tried to chater to the masses as much as possible by aligning to the lower classes. One of the parties that was the most prominent opposition to Jackson was the Whig part y, which was leaded by senators Henry Clay and Daniel Webster. This political party was born out of the belief that Jackson exceeded the boundaries of executive power when he vetoed the Bank Bill. Although both of these parties had been previously associated with the Democratic Republicans, the actions and policies that Jackson conducted lead to the creation of two very distinct parties that prevailed through the Jacksonian period. In Jacksonian Period there was a clear emergence of new parties which in turn increased democratic ideals as the only way that the Constitutions ideas of Checks and Balances could be properly put in place would be through the constant opposition to the party in power. This rise in the number of political parties was a clear change from earlier years, as now different parties had more concrete beliefs. By way of various policies and actions made by President Jackson during and after his presidency, there was a change in the increase in democratic ideals that could be most clearly represented with the rise of the representation of white men in politics, and the creation of several political parties that emerged because of Jackson. However, it is important to note that one thing during this period that did not reflect the strengthening of democratic ideals was the continuation of the movement shown by previous presidents in the way of the increase in executive power, that was also shown around this time period. It is important to analyze the Jacksonian Period because many of the actions that were committed in this time set a precedent for other time periods. Also many of the sectional conflicts that happened, such as the Nullification Crisis of 1832, had a damming effect of the country in later years.

My Life With My Family - 999 Words

My life with my family has been a never ending rollercoaster that I want to get off of. For as long as I could remember, my mother and father have had the same ongoing problem. When I was younger I never understood what was going on. I was only a little girl who loved her parents with everything she had. It would always confuse me how I had other brothers and sisters that weren t my mom’s children. I would always ask questions about the kids that would come over and call my dad, dad. I would constantly wonder how it was possible for those kids to be my siblings since they didn’t grow up with me and were not born from my mother. I always asked, â€Å"How are they my brothers and sisters?† but I always got the same answer from my father. â€Å"You will only understand when you get older.† He was right; as I got older I started to understand everything little by little. I started to understand that my father wasn’t always faithful to my mother. Before I was even born my father had already betrayed my mother. He has a total of 6 kids with 4 different women. He’s been with my mother for 27 years, and his oldest son is 27 years old. As my sister and I grew up the problem never seemed to go away. The worst part was that my sister and I were always put in the middle of their disputes. Of course, we were always on my mother’s side, since he has hurt her for the longest. I remember this one day when I was 12 years old. My father and I were outside of a store waiting for my mom to come outShow MoreRelatedMy Family And My Life980 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen fifteen years since my parents and my brother Jack adopted me. I was only two then, but now i’m seventeen. I love my life, I have a happy, loving family, I live in a nice house on a farm in Maine, my brother Jack is my bestfriend but I also have other friends, and I have a boyfriend named Justin. I guess you could say my life is perfect. Expect there’s more to me than you think. I’m adopted and even though I love my life there is still a part of me that wants to find my birth parents and knowRead MoreMy Family : My Life1303 Words   |  6 Pageswill never get a boyfriend dressing like that.† I rolled my eyes, Emma could be so annoying at times, when will she realize basketball is my passion, my life. Emma was almost always wearing a dress Emma was short and she had long, flowing blond hair and brown eyes, she also had skin as white as the moon. I on the other hand had long black dreads, and blue eyes. My Mom was white and my Dad is black making me bi-racial. I was also extremely tall. My Dad was the one who introduced me to basketball, he worksRead MoreMy Life With My Family852 Words   |  4 PagesVirginia and raised in Suffolk, Virginia; my life has been spent in both country and city. Even though I was schooled in Suffolk, majority of my family had settled in Wakefield, Virginia; which the place I always recognized as home. I was brought up by my parents and with two siblings, an older sister and a younger brother. Together, in combination with my ridiculous amount of cousins, aunts, uncles, and grandpare nts, we had grown up to be one big, happy family that still loves each other dearly. AlthoughRead MoreMy Family And My Life1318 Words   |  6 Pages When I was 8, my family and I lived in small house in the city town. Our life was a little bit hard, everyone in the family is always busy, my mom went to work most of the time and my dad, too. My sister and me we both have school during the day and tutoring class after school. Sometimes, I only see my mom twice a week even though she is home everyday at midnight because of her busy work. My dad is in charged of taking me to school and picking me up after tutoring class, but he also have his jobRead MoreMy Life Of My Family988 Words   |  4 PagesI would be the first out of my family to graduate college and I was the first to graduate high school out of 3 generations. My father was a Marine for 10 years, he choose a different path instead of going to college or finishing high school. He joined the war overseas to serve his country and I am proud of him. He always told me to never join any branch because he saw a future for me that he wanted me to invest in an education and better m yself in everything I do. My brothers and sister choose horribleRead MoreMy Family And My Life950 Words   |  4 PagesI was born in Mexico, and raised in a Christian environment, where some of my uncles and aunts are pastors, and most of my family members serve at church. I am the youngest of two brothers and a sister. My mom used to take us to church since I remember. She also used to read us Bible stories to teach us values such as service, perseverance, discipline, faith, hope, love, kindness, honesty and humility. Mom always taught us that with hard work accompanied by perseverance, we could do all things weRead MoreMy Life Of My Family1055 Words   |  5 PagesI had something great in my life occur, surprisingly. One day when I was sitting at our home in the kitchen, I started to think about marriage. I felt that I was about the right age to become married. My grandparents were siblings and married, while my parents were siblings and married. I felt then that it might be a good idea to get married then to one of my sisters. The reason this happened was because it made the land stay in our family’s ownership. Both of my sisters were definitely beautifulRead MoreMy Family And My Life1118 Words   |  5 Pages On January 17, 2016, my family and myself travelled about two hours to a small town called Yantis in east Texas. The elder s of our family would always get together multiple times a year to catch up and see each other since they were getting to an age where they can’t depend on themselves being here on this Earth. Out of the seven or eight senior members of the family, two or three had already passed by this time. Our Uncle Charles was not looking good either, over the past few months he went fromRead MoreMy Life Of My Family986 Words   |  4 Pages My whole family lived in Edison, New Jersey and I only saw my dad, brother, grandmother, grandfather, and my mother during my childhood. My mother was the person who had always helped me stay on the track to success. I called my mother Ma as a toddler because, I followed my brother in every way. Our culture was to call our mother Mama, but we could say Ma for short. My brother, Michael, called mother, Ma, and so I caught on. Ma was a hardworking, positive, and helpful parent. She wantedRead MoreMy Family Of My Life845 Words   |  4 Pa gesThroughout my life, I have lived fatherless in my family of girls. And the only time I would come to interact with another guy would always be at school. Growing up all my life like this was definitely a hardship that I didn t know how I would be able to overcome as a little kid. I would never know what it would be like to live with a person encouraging me to be righteous and courteous. I would never know what it would be like to be pushed to be tough. I would never know what it would be like to

A Survey On Eating Habits And How Often A Person Exercises...

Introduction In America today only one in three children are physically active every day. Lack of exercise is a major problem we face in society. The government has provided many statistics on physical activity, like how 80.2 million people above the age of six are physically inactive. I was really interested to see the exercise levels in busy college student’s lives. Research Objectives I decided to conduct a survey on eating habits and how often a person exercises. I wanted to see an average of how many days a week people workout or exercise. I was also curious to see how many people drink soda or pop regularly. There was so many ways I could have gone with my survey, so it was very important to think about the right questions to ask in my survey. Another thing my exercise survey had was some tough questions. One question was: If there was a table with a fruit of your choice or a fast food item of your choice which one would you choose? For that hard question I hypothesized that more than 50% would choose the fast food item. Another tough question I asked in the survey was: do you think Americas obesity problem is due to lack of exercise? I hypothesized people would most likely say yes or 75% total. For my survey I also only interviewed Wright State University students. With that being said I wanted to see out of twenty people how many have actu ally use the Wright State gym. I have heard from a lot of people that the gym is intimidating, most don’t work out there. IShow MoreRelatedA Good And Healthy Nutrition Is Essential For Your Health1442 Words   |  6 PagesRecommendations for Future Action 3 6.0 Conclusion 4 7.0 Appendices 5 7.1 Appendix 5 7.2 Appendix 6 7.3 Appendix 7 7.4 Appendix 8 8.0 Works Cited 9 1.0 Introduction A good and healthy nutrition is essential for your health. However, a survey that was conducted in 2007 proves that the Australian adolescents consume less fruit and the intake of the saturated fat and the sugars have increased in consumption (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2015). Some of the studies have shown that adolescentsRead MoreArgumentative Research Paper: Parents Responsible for Childhood Obesity947 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Parental behavioral patterns concerning shopping, cooking, eating and exercise have an important influence on a child’s energy, balance and ultimately their weight† said diet specialist, Anne Collins (â€Å"Childhood Obesity Facts†). Childhood obesity has more than tripled since the 1980’s (â€Å"Childhood Obesity Facts†). Childhood obesity often leads to obesity as an adult which can put a person at greater risks dealing with the heart, diabetes, and many other obese related diseases. People want to blameRead More How Diet And A Healthy Diet Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pages Name : Nyle Foreman 11EV Type 2 Diabetes - An issue for our community My report is about: How can exercise and a healthy diet help in the management of Type-2 Diabetes? In New Zealand, Type-2 Diabetes is a growing issue. For many years now, it has been a severe problem and is only getting worse. According to NZ Ministry of Health Survey, the obesity rates are climbing in NZ, and as obesity is directly linked with Type 2 Diabetes.There are incredible numbers of people in NZ being diagnosed withRead MoreStress And Eating Disorder Among University Students Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesSTRESS AND EATING DISORDER Abstract Eating habits are closely associated with our perception of eating. There can be also exogenous factors that affects our eating habits such as getting low mark from the exam or ending of a romantic relationship. Some people tend to be eat more or less depends on these triggering situations. This study will examine the relationship between stressRead MoreEating Disorders And Its Impact On Society1646 Words   |  7 Pages Eating Disorders and Its Impact on Society Brett White Tallahassee Community College Psychology 1101 Michelle Peruche November 06, 2015 Abstract Eating disorders are very common in today’s society and can cause death if an intervention isn’t performed. While working in the hospital and being part of the wrestling team in high school I’ve witness several people with this disorder. Anorexia and bulimia are the most prevalent and generally are accompanied by another psychological disorderRead MoreEating Disorders Are An Abnormal Approach Towards Food1315 Words   |  6 PagesEating disorders are an abnormal approach towards food, causing severe changes to eating habits and behavior. (NHS, 2015). A person suffering from an eating disorder compulsively focuses on their weight and body shape. Eating disorders involve range of conditions that have an impact on individual’s personal life as well as affecting an individual physically and socially. The most commonly known eating disorders are: †¢ anorexia nervosa †¢ bulimia nervosa †¢ overeating – binge eating disorder AnorexiaRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1424 Words   |  6 Pagesdirectly affecting the eating disorder epidemic. What exactly is an eating disorder? There are multiple different types of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, eating-disorder-not-otherwise-specified, and binge eating disorder. These are just some of the more common eating disorders people can suffer from. Anorexia nervosa according to National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA), is â€Å"characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss.† In other words a person who suffers fromRead MoreThe Effect Of Stress And Eating Habits On College Student Academic Performance2020 Words   |  9 Pagesproject is to see how stress and eating habits can affect college student academic performance, to determine the correlation between stress and eating habits,how it influence or affect college student academic performance. 25 participants were selected from Spring 2015 Kean University,Participants age ranges from 18-25. The majority of the participants were female, 16 female, 7 male, 16 female, and 1 particip ants did not disclosed their gender. participants answered 20 question survey with questionsRead MoreCounseling Adults With Eating Disorder1643 Words   |  7 Pages Counseling Adults with Eating disorder Merlene Lewis THE College of New Rochelle Professor Martinez Theory and counselling Introduction Objective: To describe eating patterns, eating behaviors, to highlight some of the problem people face when dealing with an illness or a disorder, adult struggle more from eating disorder. Some reason why it is more difficult is because of work, taking care of their house whole and family; this illness is a relentless pursuit of thinness, a misrepresentationRead MoreEating Disorders Among Female Athletes958 Words   |  4 PagesEating Disorders Among Collegiate Female Student-Athletes Eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia) are not rare in today’s society. They have become increasingly common among young women. Research indicates that there is a link between the media’s representation of â€Å"the perfect body† as well as ideals of attractiveness with dissatisfaction of body image and eating disorders (Ferguson, Munoz, Garza, Galindo, 2013). In this current literature review, I will focus on the impact of eating

The Ethics Of Business Ethics - 1349 Words

Business ethics can be defined as the critical examination of how people and institutions should behave in the world of commerce. There are many subcategories that we may look into when speaking of business ethics, in this essay I will be writing about advertising ethics. Advertising is practically unavoidable in today s world, we see it in the streets, shops, magazines, television, on the internet, hear it on the radio. In this essay I will describe two ethical issues in advertising, show why business leaders need to remember to launch ethical campaigns and also have and look into some examples from the business world. To understand what ethical advertising is we must familiarise ourselves with the terms ethics and advertising. Ethics is the discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation (Merriam-Webster, 2015), advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and of goods, services, or ideas by an identified sponsor (Philip Kotler). Thus e thics in advertising means a set of well defined principles which govern the ways of communication between the seller and the buyer. There are many aspects in advertising that people may question its ethicality. One of them is advertising to children. In the US, the average child watches an estimated 16,000 television commercials a year. While US children are one of the world s most avid consumers of advertising, the effect television has on children is something parents across the globe areShow MoreRelatedEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1304 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Ethics Varun Shah University of Texas at Dallas Business Ethics Morals are a crucial part of life. Without having principles one would never be able to distinguish the right from wrong and good from evil. Just as it applies to life in general, ethics is an integral part of doing business as well. When we here the term Business Ethics in our work place, we usually do not take it seriously and brush it off saying ‘it’s just a simple set of basic rules like not cheating and so on’. ThisRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1624 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestors losing their retirement accounts and many employees lost their jobs (Accounting-Degree.org, 2015). Crane and Matten (2010) argue â€Å"After all, despite many years of business ethics being researched and taught in colleges and universities, ethics problems persist and the public remains sceptical of the ethics of business†. The big problem we face is that ethical standards are declining because of insider trading of stocks and bonds, bribery, falsifying docume nts, deceptive advertising, defectiveRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1200 Words   |  5 PagesEthics meaning in simple way for average person is what is right from wrong. According to Chris MacDonald (2010)† Ethics† can be defined as the critical, structured examinations of how we should behave - in particular, how we should constrain the pursuit of self-interest when our actions affect others. â€Å"Business ethics is the applied ethics discipline that address the moral features of commercial activity (Business ethics, 2008).Working in ethical way in business has a lot of benefits which can attractRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1471 Words   |  6 PagesReview Nowadays, the concern for business ethics is growing rapidly in the business community around the world. Business ethics are focused on the judgment of decisions taken by managers and their behaviors. The issue regarding these judgments is the norms and cultures that shape these judgments. Business ethics are concerned about the issue, how will the issue be solved and how will it move ahead along the transition analysis as well (Carroll, 2014). Business ethics can be addressed at differentRead MoreBusiness Ethics : Ethics And Business943 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussions in Business is Ethics. Some people believe that the decisions businesses make in interest of the business has no place in ethics and that they are essentially amoral. These businesses believe that their main objective is to simply make a profit and that it does not affect the success of the business. Whereas some businesses believe that they have to take ethics into consideration, in order for their business to be a success. Richard T. De George (1999) states that ethics and business do notRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay2711 Words   |  11 PagesBusiness Ethics Business ethics is a type of professional ethics or applied ethics which examines moral problems and ethical principles that come up in a corporate environment. It is applied to every aspect of conducting business. According to Milton Friedman, a company has the responsibility to generate as much revenue as it can while still conforming to the basic rules that society has set. These rules include the ones embodied in customs as well as in law. Similarly, Peter Drucker stated thatRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesResource A discusses how ethics is crucial in business. There are three key ideas used to understand this. Firstly, making ethically wrong decisions tend to cause more upset than other general mistakes as purposeful unethical actions are not as easily forgiven or forgotten. Secondly, ethics provides businesses with a broader understanding of everything to do with their business. Business ethics is effectively just business it its larger hu man context. Thirdly, being unethical can tarnish the publicRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1064 Words   |  5 Pages　　　　Business Ethics Ethics can be viewed as the rules and values that determine goals and actions people should follow when dealing with other human beings. However, business ethics can be defined as moral principles of a business. It examines moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Generally, it has both normative and descriptive dimensions. Organization practice and career specialization are regarded as normative whereas academics attempting to understand business behaviourRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics757 Words   |  4 Pagesdeciding what to do in certain situations, ethics is what guides an individual to act in a way that is good, or right. Those involved in business settings apply ethics to business situations, known as business ethics. It is expected of businesses, small and large, to follow business ethics. There is a particular framework businesses are to follow. However, the reoccurring news headlines of poor business ethics prove differently. Poor busine ss ethics include bribery, corporate accounting scandalsRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Business Ethics1431 Words   |  6 Pages BUSINESS ETHICS INTRODUCTION:- Presentation Ethics are exceptionally regular and essential good esteem that helps us to take the right choice where we think that it hard to pick between our own advantages and the correct thing to do. We are going to talk about three sections of morals Behavioral morals, Bounded ethicality and last one is irreconcilable situation. As from the names of these parts of morals, its verging on clarifying the significance of it. It clarifies why great individuals

Alternative Learning System in the Philippines - 1642 Words

PHILIPPINE Alternative Learning System (ALS) AE Sunday, June 13, 2010 The Alternative Learning System (ALS) is a free education program implemented by the Department of Education (DepEd) under the Bureau of Alternative Learning System which benefits those who cannot afford formal schooling and follows whatever is their available schedule. The program provides a viable alternative to the existing formal education instruction, encompassing both the non-formal and informal sources of knowledge and skills. How does it work In ALS, students have to attend 10 months of school or 800 hours in the classroom. Then their performance are then assessed. Since ALS is a module-based learning system, students come in on a set time and choose a†¦show more content†¦Ã‚ · You should be ready with the required documents: your birth certificate, a certification from the school you last attended (if you previously went to school) that you were unable to complete the secondary level. 3. What level of Accreditation Equivalency (AE) is currently being offered at the eSkwela Centers? Currently, secondary AE (AE at the secondary level of education) is initially being offered at the eSkwela Centers. The elementary AE will be offered soon after the elementary e-modules are developed. 4. Is there a test I have to take in order to qualify as an eSkwela learner? Yes, the eSkwela Center will have you take a Functional Literacy Test (FLT), which will assess the actual level of education you have acquired. 5. Am I automatically accepted as an eSkwela learner if I already completed my elementary education? Your chances of acceptance as an eSkwela learner could be higher if you have already completed your elementary education, BUT you will still have to qualify through the FLT. 7. Do I need to know how to use a computer before I can be accepted as an eSkwela learner? Although it is an advantage if you already know how to use a computer, it is not a requirement in order for you to be accepted at eSkwela. The eSkwela facilitatorsShow MoreRelatedEducation Is The Root And Foundation Of A Person s Growth Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pageseducation (Castro, 2014). Unfortunately, not all are receiving the adequate and stable way of having a smooth learning because of the lack of school, teachers, money, limited resources, and even because of militarization around the world.One of them are the Indigenous People of Mindanao in the Philippines called the Lumad. According to DepEd (n.d), 48% of the population in the Philippines did not finish basic education and these are the street children, farmers, indigenous people, and others. TheRead MoreThe Alternative Learning System1623 Words   |  7 PagesTHE ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM Overview: Historical Context of ALS As always, it is best to trace the source of an educational system such as the ALS to the basic and fundamental law of the land. The Philippine Constitution provides for free and compulsory elementary education and free secondary education through the Department of Education (DepEd). This means that all Filipinos have a constitutional right to basic education, and the DepEd is mandated to provide this service to all FilipinosRead MoreJob and Study Habit1678 Words   |  7 PagesI INTRODUCTION â€Å"Life must be understood backwards but must be lived forward† -Soren Kierkegaard â€Å"Education is not preparation for life†¦ it is life itself†¦Ã¢â‚¬  -John Dewey In the eve of the Philippine Formal Education, Filipinos were already following a system of â€Å"training† for the young ones especially in preparing them for life in their communities or tribes. The belief of the â€Å"anitos† had given them some sort of â€Å"direction† in living their lives. Nature became their â€Å"friendRead MoreIssues in Philippine Education1619 Words   |  7 PagesIssues in Philippine Education: In Retrospect They say that education is the best social leveler. They say that it is the very answer to poverty, corruption, hate, and ignorance. If it really is like many people believe it is, then the study of the key educational, ergo curricular, issues in the Philippines is a significant endeavor that needs serious pair of eyes, ears and hands. According to the IBON Facts and Figures, the literacy rate in the Philippines has regressed a lot over the last ten yearsRead MoreAlternative Learning System Accreditation Equivalency902 Words   |  4 PagesALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM ACCREDITATION EQUIVALENCY (ALS AE) SYSTEM What are the legal bases of the Alternative Learning System? Constitution of the Philippines 1987, Art. XIV, Sec. 15 Executive Order No. 117 Sec. 115 DepEd Order No. 32, 1972 Proclamation No. 480 DECS Memo No. 204, 2. 1998 DECS Order Nos. 22 and 28, s. 1999 What is the ALS Accreditation and Equivalency Test? The ALS AE Test formerly the Nonformal Education AE Test is one of the four components of the ALS AE (then NFERead MoreOut of school youth4324 Words   |  18 Pages It decreases the numbers of out of school youth. What is education? According to the Webster Dictionary,† Education is the process of learning and training; instruction as imparted in schools, colleges, and universities; a course or type of instruction; the theory and practice of teaching.† According to the website of Philippine Star, â€Å"Nobody can deny the hard fact that education is an extremely important factor for bringing change in the lives of individuals. It has universallyRead MoreTBoli Tribe2240 Words   |  9 PagesI. Introduction In the year 2000, there are nearly 102,900 T’boli people in the Philippines. Many of the T’boli people can be found at South Cotabato Province of Mindanao Island, which is located in the southern part of the country and has their own way of living. Their educational system can be compared to many other indigenous groups of people in Philippines. They are promoting the education to their community to have progress and to preserve their culture through it. Many of us don’t have muchRead MoreTrends Issues and Policies in Philippine Education 15257 Words   |  22 PagesTrends, Issues and Policies in Philippine Education System The Philippine Education System at a Glance The Philippine education system can be described as a dynamic one. It has undergone several stages of development from the pre-Spanish era to the present. Dating back at the pre-Magellanic period, the Philippine education was informal, unstructured and without method. Learning was more experimental than theoretical. During the Spanish era, education was done by missionaries for the eliteRead MoreIndigenous Education in the Philippines4646 Words   |  19 PagesPhilippine Normal University College of Education Department of Professional Education Taft Ave., Manila INDIGENOUS EDUCATION A TERM PAPER IN PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION 13 Submitted to Dr. Camila Gonzales (Professor) In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirements in Prof. Ed. 13 (Developments in Education) Submitted By Inguito, Rose Ann Palencia IV- 20 BSE Social Science November 20, 2012 Semester II, 2012- 2013 INDIGENOUS EDUCATION (A Development in Education) I. INTRODUCTION â€Å"Well, I thinkRead More2010 Secondary Education Curriculum in English6955 Words   |  28 PagesRepublic of the Philippines Department of Education Bureau of Secondary Education Curriculum Development Division Pasig City March 26, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS ii I. II. III. IV. V. Introduction Conceptual Framework in English Concept Matrix Performance Matrix Program and General Standards Three-Stage Curriculum Framework Annexes A. B. The Monitoring and Evaluation of the Implementation of the 2002 Secondary Education Curriculum: Findings and Recommendations Guide Questions for the Review of the

Hydro electric in malaysia Free Essays

Large or small hydropower, still far the most Important of the renewable energy for electrical power production worldwide, providing 19% of planet’s electricity. However, hydropower on a small scale remains the most effective energy technologies to be considered for rural electrification In less develops country. The advantages of small hydro technology are the system can last for 50 years or more with less maintenance and also environmental friendly. We will write a custom essay sample on Hydro electric in malaysia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Malaysian government has launched the Small Renewable Energy Programme (SREP) In 2001, In order to motivate the Independent Power Producer (IPP) in implementing the renewable energy projects in Malaysia. In 2009, there are 5 mini hydropower projects from 17 SREP participants, and one of them is Renewable Power Sdn. Bhd. This rnlnl hydro Is operating at Gadlng Reserve forest, Hulu Selangor with licensed capacity of 2. 2MW. The capital cost of this project is estimated to be paid off after 10 years generation. The barriers of this mini hydro are authority Issues, short-term profit minded and expensive transmission to the grid. Apart from these challenges, obviously mini hydropower is one of the most otential alternatives energy in Malaysia, suitable to the objective of Fifth Fuel Policy In Implementing renewable energy as one energy resource In Malaysia. Peninsular Malaysia Tenaga Nasional Berhad operates three hydroelectric schemes in the peninsular with an installed generating capacity of 1,91 1 megawatts (MW). They are the Sungai Perak. Terengganu and Cameron Highlands hydroelectric schemes with 21 dams In operation. A number of Independent Power Producers also own and operate several small hydro plants. How to cite Hydro electric in malaysia, Papers

Society and Its Definition free essay sample

I have come across a very troubling conundrum about Society as a whole. (What I mean by â€Å"society as a whole† is a society that limits the uniqueness of people. It also does not let people express their own beliefs. An aspiration is neglected.) I see that many people fear that the human population is growing to big. Also, many people do not fair well with things that are different from them. It is then natural for society to therefore have to pinpoint things and attack, instead of letting something be. For instance, there are so many archetypes: Black, White, Gay, Muslim, Republican, Democrat, Liberal, Jewish, Spanish, Disabled, Afro-centric, Geek, Good, Bad, etc. The list goes on and on. It now comes back to the infamous question: what is Normal? The only way society can run as a society is for it to classify certain things into sections. This is why society naturally (not on purpose) has the word â€Å"normal†. We will write a custom essay sample on Society and Its Definition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Normal now has a rule. Normal is wearing clothes, going to school, having a religion, getting married, and watching television. To get more specific, it is also using a computer, buying food or anything else from a store, and driving a car. This, in truth, is the only way society can survive and prosper. What are my views on what is normal? Well normal is not in my vocabulary. I have certain interests such as 80’s and 90’s sitcoms, Hip-hop, and Basketball. I don’t push people into liking what I like (characteristic of society). My views will change and I will soon live a life in a different way. Society makes you act like everyone else, for the status quo, while I act like an individual. There are alternative ways of living our life. You could be farmer, who plants and eats his/her own food. He surrounds his life on the natural Sun, as it gives him time, crops, and the weather. You can live in a village city where everybody around you lives the same way, with no pharmacies, supermarkets, or delis around you. We can make our own choices on how we want to run our lives. Who you are shouldn’t be thrown away to fit the status quo. Live for yourself, because only you can determine your destiny.

The Myth of the Latin Woman free essay sample

In The Myth of the Latin Woman, Judith Rotor Coffer intends to dispel several stereotypes about Hispanic women by expressing her own personal stories and observations. She starts off by relating an experience that happened on a bus In London, then she goes Into explaining how her parents made her home In America a microcosm of the home they used to have In Puerco Roll. She explains why Puerco Rican women dress the way they do-?because thieve protected by an honor system -?and goes on to relate two more encounters with people who mistake her for someone else because of her appearance. In weaving her personal stories with explanations of stereotypes of Hispanic women, Coffer tries to show what stereotypes exist-?the menial and the seductress-?in order to condemn assumptions and present a more universal truth about Latinist. Coffer uses several modes to get her aims across. She mainly uses the mode of example In order to show her audience how stereotypes can be encountered and experienced by a wide variety of Hispanic women. She Illustrates the drunk Irish tenor on the bus to Oxford who serenades her with the song Maria from West Side Story.She gives a scene In which a drunk Daddy serenades her with Dont Cry For Me, Argentina and then goes on into an obscene revision of La Bam. She also gives the example of the woman at her poetry reading who orders coffee from Coffer, mistaking her for a worker instead of the presenter. These examples serve to prove Coffers idea that most people, upon seeing her typical Rata Moreno looks, will intrude into her life with obnoxious, wrong, and offensive assumptions. Coffer also uses the mode of compare and contrast to support these examples.She contrasts herself to any Anglo woman, whom she is sure would not be treated so offensively by Daddy. She compares the Puerco Rican girls, who wear everything at once, to their Anglo peers on Career Day to show that Hispanic females are sometimes inappropriately dressed. Her examples prove how other people compare her to Rata Moreno, Eva Person, and kitchen workers because of the way she looks. These comparisons serve to segregate Coffer from other females because they show that her appearance is what sets her apart.This leads to the use of classification as a mode. Coffer implies that Hispanic women are categorized into two main groups: the worker and the seductress. Either Latinist re uneducated menials, most often found in the kitchen or cleaning houses, or Latinist are the sexy and passionate sirens who succumb to every come-on because their tempestuous libidos chant help it. This mode serves to limit most of the women by putting them in their place. Other modes Coffer uses are description and definition.She describes how Puerco Rican females typically dress by evoking many bright colors to get her point across that the loud, vibrant colors are only a result of growing up on a tropical Island and not an effort to seek attention. She defines propos, which are erotically charged island attire. She also, most importantly, defines stereotyping by doing what she is seeking to delete. For example, she shows the reader how she has been defined by her appearance: Rata Moreno, Eva Person, hot tamale, and sexual firebrand are all typical assumptions, Coffer is trying to say, which other people make when they see a Hispanic female. In other words, they automatically define Hispanic females as voluptuous, sensuous, working women with dark features and seduction in their eyes. Coffer also defines other people by their own stereotypes: she implies that the singer on the bus in London is a drunk Irishman. The daddy who drunkenly accosted her with a song about generator must surely have been an Army man who treated foreign women awfully; the nuns have no fashion sense; the British are people so reserved and cool that they dont even smile.Because of this last mode, I cant agree that Coffers use of definition, and even classification, are effective in supporting her claim that people should rise above stereotypes, in her goal to replace the old stereotypes with a much more interesting set of realities. If her purpose is solely to inform her audience of the stereotypes that exist toward Latin women, then this essay would be effective. But I believe she also seeks to persuade people to rise above these stereotypes, espe cially as she promotes this in the last paragraph.If she seeks to rise above these old stereotypes, she does a sorry Job of doing so herself. In referencing Irishmen as drunks, Army men as women-haters, nuns as bland, and British people as non-smiles, she only does exactly what shes saying people should stop doing. If her plan is to speak up only on behalf of Latinist, then this goal only undermines her entire claim altogether. What is so special about Latinist that they should not have to be subjected to assumptions, UT no other cultural group is given that opportunity in her essay?This could certainly be seen as an effective expressive essay because Coffer uses personal experiences; there are several modes which exemplify the use of literary styles like symbolism and imagery; and the reader ends up knowing a lot more about the author because of the amount of self-expression going on. Her ultimate aim of expression is well-covered, but her minor aim of persuasion is undermined by her use of definition and classification. In Coffers last paragraphs, she really qualifies her entire plan for a much more interesting set of r ealities.She talks about trying to get her audience to see past her skin color, past her accent, and past her clothes. Yet her poem is written to all Latinist, who are, interestingly enough, Gods brown daughters. If she wants people to see past color, accent, and clothing, then she shouldnt write in such a way as to promote those very things shes seeking to get past. Overall, Coffer only succeeds in showing the reader exactly what shes trying to avoid, and I think this seriously undermines her ultimate claim that people should stop looking at Latinist and categorizing them based on cultural stereotypes.

Toefl Writing Sample Essay

Toefl Writing Sample EssayToefl writing sample essays is the first thing you need to understand when you want to learn how to write a good academic paper. Writing academic papers is one of the most difficult things you can do, but if you know what to do and what not to do, then you can succeed at it.If you already have an idea of what you want to write, you can use that as your basis for the writing sample essay. There are many resources available online and offline, for you to choose from. These can include an article, short stories, poems, etc.Toefl writing sample essays are written to showcase your ability to present your ideas, thoughts, or reasoning in an interesting and thought provoking way. You don't have to learn about writing in order to be able to write to for theft but in fact, this is one of the most important skills you must learn before you can teach yourself how to write an essay.In this case, you can just read what others have to say about their essays on Toefl. But you can also find other resources that can help you through your writing samples. These are usually found in the various internet sites and online forums.You can even look at other toefl writing sample essays which are similar to yours and look for new ways to present your ideas. Remember that even if you are trying to be creative with your essay, you still have to keep it simple to avoid getting overly technical and confusing the reader.Toefl writing sample essays are short essays that should not be more than three pages long. In this case, you should take your time and really think it through so that you don't end up getting too confused with the subject matter.As you can see, toefl writing sample essays are often written by teachers or in schools, and they are made to help students to learn how to write an essay for university level. You can also apply what you have learned to other topics, such as law, medical or engineering.

A Step by Step Guide on Writing a Book Review

Are you in school or college drowning in writing assignments, tests, homework and work? You must have loads of assignments piled up since our professors love assigning a new task in almost every other class. Book review is one of these assignments that makes students panic. This article is for students who want to learn how process and strategies of writing a book review Quick Links 1. What is a Review? 2. Writing a Book Review 2.1 Book Review: Process 3. Basic Structure of a Book Review 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Body 3.3 Conclusion 1. What is a Review? A review can be performed on a piece of writing, an event, object, or a phenomenon. It is a critical evaluation of books, novels, articles in the new york times, movies, literature, policies, architecture, fashion, art and even restaurants and exhibitions. In this particular article, we will focus on book reviews. Moving on, a review is where you make an argument; it isn't merely a summary, but the most significant aspect of a review is that it is like a commentary. You start a dialogue and discussion with the author and the audience. Unlike a book report, you have the liberty to give your opinion and whether or not you agree with the writer. Highlight the strengths and weaknesses in the writer's knowledge, judgment and how the text was organized. Your opinion about the text under analysis is the most important element, so state it clearly. It is similar to any other academic writing such as essays, where you construct an argument and provide strong evidence in the body paragraphs. Do not confuse a book review with a book report. If your teacher has assigned you the task of writing a report then give our article writing a book report a read. Coming back to book reviews... The first thing in a review is a brief summary of the overall content. It gives the readers, the perspective and describe the purpose of the topic and present the argument. Secondly, another crucial detail that a review offers, is an in-depth analysis of the content at hand. This is where you discuss your reaction and feelings, what you thought was interesting and held significance, whether or not it was effective and had the power to persuade, and how your understanding of the issue increased. Lastly, in addition to providing an analysis of the work at hand, you also suggest whether or not the audience will like and appreciate the work. 2. Writing a Book Review Students find writing a review to be a rather daunting task. They feel inexperienced and unqualified when someone asks them to give their opinion about a particular thing. How can they criticize the work of the great Margaret Atwood or Jacqueline Woodson when they haven't written a single novel themselves. You might feel like you are no expert, but you have to become one for your reader, which in this case is your professor. The truth is that everyone has opinions and has something to say. When you have finished reading a book or watched a play, it's impossible not to form your own point of view. Your professor doesn't expect you to match the author's intellectual level, but what is expected of you is a reasonable judgment and analysis after careful observation. 2.1 Book Review: Process When it comes to writing a review, there isn't a definitive way or method. However, critical thinking about the text under analysis is necessary, prior to writing. It's safe to say that it is merely a two step process. The first step is developing an argument and the next step is writing a draft, supporting that argument about the work under consideration. Before diving into the writing process, consider the following questions: What is the main argument or the thesis of the book? What idea does the author want the reader to get from it? Has the book been successful in accomplishing something? How does the book compare to the world familiar to you, how do you relate to it? The main topic and subject. Was it addressed and covered effectively? What approach was used to cover the subject--- was it chronological, descriptive, etc.? Did the author support his/her argument and how? What supporting evidence was used to prove the argument? Was this evidence convincing, if not, then why? Did the author's take on the topic conflict with your beliefs or something that you might have read before? Was the author's argument capable of persuading you? How was the argument structured? How did the book increase your understanding on the topic and whether or not would you recommend the particular book to your readers? 3. Basic Structure of a Book Review Following is the outline used to organize a book review: 3.1 Introduction There are different ways of starting your book review; some begin by an anecdote or a catchy hook. Make sure to add the following details: The name of the book and author along with the main theme. Include necessary information about the author, as mentioned earlier. The context in which the book is written. The thesis statement of the book. When working on a fiction, then you won't be able to find arguments, but you can talk about the novelty or originality. Also, mention your own thesis statement. 3.2 Body The body comprises a brief summary of the content and provide your assessment while backing it up with supporting evidence. Divide your analysis and evaluation in different paragraphs. It doesn't have to be in chronological order; you can arrange these paragraphs by themes and methods. Make sure not to quote excessively and when you do, put the quotations in inverted commas. 3.3 Conclusion Don't introduce new ideas towards the end of your review, instead, restate the thesis and leave the reader with a final judgment. Justify your opinion by mentioning the book's strengths and weaknesses. Finally, remember that you are reviewing a book that has been written not the one you wanted the author to write. While it is okay to mention and point out failures, don't criticize it for not being what you wanted. We have mentioned all the necessary information on writing a book review; if you are still facing difficulty, then there are always essay writing services available. You can buy essay or other highest quality academic writing assignments at affordable prices from 5StarEssays. Our writers offer free revisions and money back guarantee to ensure your satisfaction. The process is simple, just create your personal account, fill out the order form and enjoy an amazing book review.

5 Essential Tips for a KILLER LinkedIn Summary

5 Essential Tips for a KILLER LinkedIn Summary Many of you might have heard that LinkedIn profiles are about to undergo another facelift. Rumor amongst career professionals has is that the new profile will highlight the Summary section in a new way- making it more important than ever to have a compelling Summary to offer your readers. One of the most popular services The Essay Expert offers is writing the LinkedIn Profile Summary. We love interviewing people and writing copy for them; but you can also do it yourself if you are a good writer and know the message you want to get across. If you are a do-it-yourselfer, some tips for writing a great LinkedIn Summary might come in handy! Well, you’re in luck. CareerCast published one of my articles that provides five tips for a KILLER LinkedIn Summary; and although I agreed not to post the entire article on my own blog, I wanted to share the link with you. Here it is! 5 Essential Tips for a KILLER LinkedIn Summary As a preview, the tips are: Never leave the Summary section blank! Use all 2,000 characters. Tell stories. Break it up (graphically). Include your contact information [NOTE: I no longer suggest doing this unless you have space to spare, since the Contact Information section has recently been made more prominent.] I will likely write a sequel to this article soon, so please take a look at the first one and stay tuned for more useful advice! For samples of The Essay Expert’s LinkedIn Summary statements, see our LinkedIn Profile Samples. And if you are looking for a professional LinkedIn Profile Writing service, please visit our LinkedIn Profile Writing page to learn more about our services and rates. Do you have more ideas about how to write a KILLER LinkedIn Summary? Please share below†¦ you might even get quoted in my next article!

Liquidity Ratios for GM and Ford Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Liquidity Ratios for GM and Ford - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that  the higher the ratio the better it is for the company in theory but this does not hold truth in the real world situation. Despite the current ratio being used extensively in financial reporting, the ratio can be very misleading. In the real world situation, a high ratio does not necessary imply good liquidity position and a low current ratio does not necessary imply a bad liquidity position. This norm is contrary to the common belief of the current ratio as an adequate indicator of an entity’s liquidity. The ratio conceptualizes liquidation as the ability of a company’s current assets to offset its current liabilities. In the real sense, this does not occur as the investors’ measure a company, s liquidity as the going concern of the entity.  This essay stresses that  the first company has longer accounts receivables days and a low inventory turnover. The second company has a short accounts receivables period and a higher in ventory turnover. The first company has a higher current ratio than the second company does but this does not imply that the company has a better liquidity position. This is because working capital but the cash do not pay the current obligations and since it does not converts its current easily into cash; the company is illiquid. The general concept and basis of the quick ratio is similar to that of the current ratio as it gives the users of the ratio an idia to determine the company's ability to offset its short-term obligations using its short-term assests.  Ã‚  

DEATH, DYING, & BEREAVEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

DEATH, DYING, & BEREAVEMENT - Essay Example Infact children have an uncanny knack of imbibing more than we realise. They are tuned to picking up easily from what they hear and observe around them. It is just that when it come to expressing their feelings they are at a loss which is misunderstood and their actions are then misconstrued. Especially when a child is grieving we tend to make it more difficult by smothering them and making the situation even more complex than the experience itself. Ignorance of a Childs needs especially during the time of grief can make things worse not knowing how to react or help with the Childs emotional needs. We first need to realize that grieving is a normal process and not something to worry about. The grieving symptoms can be anything from loss of appetite to withdrawal and acute loneliness. The intensity can vary depending on the Childs attachment to the deceased person and how much the loss actually means to the child. In any case the parent’s role would be to support the child through the bad phase and not help them submerge their feelings. The child should be given the freedom to grieve in a way which they find comforting. Caring and listening can be the best tools to use when it comes to caring for a grieving child. The child might have questions which may seem irrelevant to an adult while in reality the answers we give them can go a long way in the recovery process and be a guide to their future as well. Children who are grieving usually tend to be aloof and withdrawn, giving them the assurance that it is normal and natural to feel sad would be the best way to start. It might be challenging for a widowed person to deal with the Childs trauma when he or she is grieving herself. The uncomfortable circumstances and our own denial can make it hard on children. Looking to the Childs needs in the stressful times and sharing their concerns with understanding

Comparison Of Mivan Formwork System With Conventional System Construction Essay

Comparison Of Mivan Formwork System With Conventional System Construction Essay In recent times due to globalization, the construction industry has started focusing on new innovative ways of working. The construction industry has started adopting new technologies and approaches in order to increase the overall efficiency of the project. This report is about the modern methods of construction and smart materials that can be used to improve the overall construction process. The first half of the report is on the aluminium formwork systems (Mivan System) which is used for mass housing construction. This system of aluminium forms is fast, durable, cost effective and also produces quality work which requires minimum maintenance. The second half of the report is on green roofs a smart material which is a replacement for traditional roofs. Today in this modernized world where global warming is the major concern for all countries, green roofs can be one of the innovative ways to reduce the energy consumption which ultimately helps in reducing the CO2 emissions. 1. Introduction The construction industry is one of the biggest industries in the whole world. The contribution of this industry towards the global GDP is enormous. In recent years due to globalization and advancement in technologies there has been a tremendous development in the construction industry. However despite of the boom in construction activities the scenario on the housing front remains far from satisfactory. In the countries like India and China the situation on the housing front is even worst. Due to ever increasing population in these countries there is an overgrowing demand for housing. Now keeping in view the gigantic task of providing affordable shelter to masses, adoption of modern and cost effective technology assumes greater significance. The modern methods of construction are broad range of processes and products that aims to improve business efficiency, quality, customer satisfaction, environmental performance, sustainability and the predictability of delivery timescales (Baker 33 Cross industry Group, 2006). Today there is a growing realization that the speed of construction needs to be given greater importance especially for large housing projects. For undertaking mass housing works, it is necessary to have innovative technologies which are capable of fast rate construction and are able to deliver good quality and durable structure in cost effective manner (Anon, 2010). Several systems are adopted all over the world but Mivan system has proved to be reasonably economical and capable of fast rate construction of mass housing. In this system walls and slabs are cast simultaneously at site by use of specially designed, easy to handle light weight aluminium forms (Anon, 2010). The system is far more faster than the traditional beam and column construction. However as per Sir John Egan report Rethinking Construction (1998), the commitment from major clients, from the construction industry itself and from the government is the only way forward to create and sustain the environment that is needed for significant improvement in performance, efficiency and quality of the construction. The construction projects are getting more complex in nature due to growing human endeavour and the construction industry need to respond to the unique challenges presented in front in terms of time cost and quality. Also the industry will need to respond to the major issues such as global warming and health and safety of the workers. We as a member of the construction industry will need to overcome these issues by using modern methods of construction (like Mivan System) and smart materials (like green roofs) for carrying out projects. The main objective of this report is to explore modern methods of construction and smart materials and also to evaluate their impact on the construction process in terms of time, cost and quality. In the first half of the report, the use of Mivan formwork system during the construction process is discussed while in the second half idea of using green roofs is discussed. 2. Mivan formwork System: (Aluminium formwork system) Mivan is basically an aluminium formwork system developed by the Mivan Company Ltd from Malaysia in the year 1990. The technology has been used extensively in other countries such as Europe, Gulf Countries, Asia and all other parts of the world. MIVAN technology is suitable for constructing large number of houses within short time using room size forms. In this system of formwork construction, cast in situ concrete wall and floor slabs are casted monolithically in one continuous pour. Large room sized forms for walls and floors slabs are erected at site as shown in the figure1 below. These forms are strong, easy to handle and are fabricated with accuracy. They can be used repetitively around 250 times. The frames for windows and door as well as ducts for services are placed in the form before concreting as shown in the figure 1. Staircase flights, faà §ade panels, chajjas and jails etc. and other pre-fabricated items are also integrated into the structure as shown in figure 1 and 2. This proves to be a major advantage as compared to other modern construction techniques. Figure 1: A set of Mivan formwork Figure 2: Staircase flight formwork 2.1 Comparison of Mivan formwork system with Conventional Construction The table below shows the relative comparison between the Mivan form work system and the conventional system. The comparison is made on the factors such as speed of construction, quality of construction, aesthetics, external finishes and maintenance. Factors Conventional Construction Mivan formwork system Speed of construction The speed of construction is much slower due to step by step completion of different stages of the activities such as erection of formwork, concreting and deshuttering and thereafter plastering and other finishing activities. In this system the wall and the floors are casted simultaneously in one continuous operation and also the finishing work can be started immediately, so the speed of the construction is much faster. Quality Due to conventional method of construction normal quality is obtained Superior quality is obtained due to in-situ casting of whole structure and transverse walls done in continuous operation Aesthetics In the case of conventional construction the partition walls are made up of bricks due to which the column and the beam show unsightly projections in room interiors. In case of Mivan system the partition wall and the ceiling elements are casted together due to which the interiors have neat and clean lines without unsightly projections in various corners. The wall and the ceilings also have a smooth even surface. External finishes All the external walls are made up of bricks, so it requires manual cement plastering which needs to be repainted frequently. All the external walls are made up of concrete and do not require manual cement plastering and also have smooth finishing, so this will need no frequent repainting. Maintenance The maintenance cost is too high as it requires frequent repairs of plasters of wall and ceilings, painting of outer and inner walls due to leakages. The maintenance cost is negligible as the walls and ceiling are made up of high quality concrete which do not require frequent repairs. Table 1: Comparison of Mivan Formwork System with Conventional construction 2.2 Benefits of Mivan formwork System According to Mivan (Thailand) Limited the following are the main benefits of using Mivan formwork system. 2.2.1 Speed of construction: The structure is completed much faster than the traditional formwork as a large amount of work can be completed in each daily work routine. There is no need for brick laying and plastering as all walls can be formed at the same time. Finishing work such as window fixing, wall tiling and plumbing work can be installed immediately once the concrete is casted. 2.2.2 Building strength and durability: The walls and the floor slabs are casted simultaneously so there are no weak joints. The walls are made of reinforced concrete which provides much greater stability than columns with brick walls. The wall surfaces are made of concrete which do not crack like plaster and maintains a smooth surface for much longer time. 2.2.3 Quality of finishing building: The formworks are manufactured precisely which allows the concrete to be cast to exact dimensions as designed. Services like water supply some waste pipes and electrical conduits, can be cast into the concrete where it is protected and not visible. 2.2.4 Financing cost: Fast project completion saves financing charges as the buildings can be transferred to the owners much earlier than traditional methods. 2.2.5 Efficiency and cost saving: There is no requirement of labours for building brick walls and plastering as major part of the structure is cast in concrete by small group of workers. The project can be completed in shorter time due to fast production methods which save onsite running, operating and financing cost. The formwork panels are light in weight and can be lifted manually, so there is no need of spending money for heavy cranes for lifting. Less skilled labours are required on the site as all the finishing items are prefabricated. 2.2.6 Environmental benefits: The formworks are made up of aluminium which can be reused and also can be recycled to make other products. 2.3 Case study The following is a case study which justify that incorporating Mivan formwork system in the construction project is very beneficial to the project. 2.3.1 Infinity tower- Dubai As per MFE formwork technology (2008), the Infinity Tower in Dubai is a 73 storey residential tower with a dynamic twisting shape as shown in the figure 3 below. The tower is more than 300 meter in height and has been designed by Skidmore Owings Merrill who also designed the worlds tallest tower, Burj Khalifa which is 828 meters in height. The contract was awarded to Arabtec Construction. The structural system for the tower is high strength with a reinforced concrete column superstructure that rotates with the twisting shape. In addition, each floor will accommodate a 1.08-degree twist to achieve the full 90-degree spiral. Figure 3: Infinity Tower (Source: MFE formwork technology) The tower was constructed by using a light weight aluminium formwork system. A special twisting aluminium panels were made to obtain the precise design. The tower was constructed at a speed of 8 floors per month when the site was in full flow, maintaining zero tolerance with regard to site safety. Now by referring to this case study, it is clear that the use of Mivan formwork system not only improves the quality and speed of construction but also maintains site safety. 2.4 Limitations of Mivan formwork System The following are the limitations of using Mivan formwork System Modifications are not possible as all members are cast in RCC. Concealed services become difficult due to small thickness of the components. The aluminium formworks are far more expensive than the conventional formwork. Heat of hydration is high due to shear walls. The finishing lines can be seen on concrete surfaces due to small sizes. It requires uniform planning as well as uniform elevations to be cost effective. The shrinkage cracks are likely to appear due to box type construction. The formwork can be cost effective only if it is used in symmetrical type of structure. 3. Green Roofs Green roof refers to a system of roofing that uses plant life for roof covering instead of traditional covering materials (Green Roofs Today, 2010). Department of Trade and Industry (2004) defines the smart material as a material that senses its environment and responds. Green roofs provides constant temperature throughout the year due to high degree of insulation they provide, hence they can be termed as smart materials. Green roofing has become increasingly popular in the cities as it creates additional green spaces that bring some nature in concrete and steel jungle (Green Roofs Today, 2010). Green roofs are visually appealing and create an attractive contrast to concrete and steel as show in the figure 4-5 below. Figure-4 (Green Roofs) Figure-5 (Green Roofs) There are several components of green roofs which besides plants include a growing medium, a filter cloth, drainage, insulation and a waterproof membrane (Green Roofs Today, 2010). These components are shown in the figure 6. The construction of rooftops and the selection of plants for roof covering depend on the factors such as size of the building and type of roof. Now for construction of green roof both flat and slopped roofs are suitable but for construction of large park like roof system only larger buildings are appropriate as accommodation of large plants and trees are too heavy for medium sized buildings. Figure 6: Components of Green Roofs (Source: Green Roofs Today, 2010) Green roofs are mainly of three types; Intensive, Semi-Intensive and Extensive roofs, depending upon the selection of plants (Green Roofs Today, 2010). Intensive green roofs are those that accommodate large plants, trees, full lawns etc. This type of green roofing requires a significant depth of soil and also requires heavy maintenance. Semi Intensive green roofs are those that accommodate moderate size of plants and require less maintenance. Extensive green roofs is the most convenient of all types of green roof systems and involves roof covering with a thin layer of growing medium and vegetation that requires minimal care and maintenance (Green Roofs Today, 2010). The factors which are taken into consideration while designing green roofs are orientation of roofs, preferred planting, level of maintenance and performance expected from the plant layer (Green roofs, 2006). As the intensive roofs consist of deep layer of growing medium, it needs special consideration at the time of designing as they require specific support from the building. Conversely, extensive green roofs require negligible structural support from the building, hence no special consideration is given at the time of designing them (The green roof centre, 2010). 3.1 Benefits of Green Roofs System The following are the benefits of Green Roof systems; Plants reduce the air pollution by absorbing harmful gases including carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Green roof system therefore reduces the air pollution and makes the air cleaner and healthier especially in urban areas where quality of air is a major problem. Plants tend to absorb the heat from the air and release it into the air when the temperature drops. Green roof system therefore helps in lowering the temperature of the urban areas. It also helps the building owners to reduce their cost for heating for heating and cooling which is good for the environment too because most cooling and heating systems are powered by energy that is obtained from non-renewable sources such as fossil fuels. Plants that cover the roofs can absorb up to 75% of the rain water. Therefore the green roofs system significantly reduces the amount of water that runs in to the sewage system. The plants also filter many pollutants in rainwater including heavy metals. The rainwater that is absorbed by the green roofs is then released into the air via condensation (Green Roofs Today, 2010). Green roofs system offer a natural habitat to many local animal life including insects and birds that were virtually driven out from urban centres. Green roofs systems are extremely durable and can last up to 50 years. It also does not virtually require any repair like many other roofing systems. Green roofs combined with other green technology such as solar thermal collectors and solar photovoltaic panels can further reduce the costs for heating and cooling as well as help combat the global warming (Green Roofs Today, 2010). The figure below from the (Green Roofs Today, 2010) shows the main benefits of green roofs system. 3.2 Limitation of Green Roofs System The following are some of the limitations in installing the green roofs system; Higher capital cost Lack of awareness and knowledge No insurance cover is provided for green roofs Difficulty in maintaining and accessing roofs. 4. Recommendation Due to globalization and competition there is a tremendous pressure on the construction industry regarding the time, quality and cost of the work. With the implementation of the modern construction methods such as Mivan Formwork System and smart materials like Green Roofs the issues related to the time, cost and quality can be overcome. Although the initial cost of implementing such methods and smart materials are quite high the total amount saved at the end of the project life cycle is substantially more than the increase in the initial cost. The construction firms all over the world have been slow to adopt new innovation and changes. It is the need of time to analyse the depth of problems and find effective solution. Mivan system serves as an efficient tool to solve the problems of mass housing fronts all over the world. The system has a great potential to provide high quality construction at unbelievable speed and at reasonable cost which was justified in the report with the help of a case study. Hence it is recommended to use Mivan formwork system over the traditional formwork system Amid fears of global warming, deforestation, melting of ice on both the poles, increase in average temperature in next few decades, green roofs can be looked up to as a potential solution which can help in optimising use of rain water, conserving energy, improving aesthetical view of buildings and improving living conditions inside the building. Hence implementation of green roof is recommended as it will save large amount of resources. 5. Conclusion It can be concluded that the modern methods of construction such as Mivan formwork system are the key to meeting the demand for efficient, sustainable housing. Also the quality and speed must be given due consideration with regards to economy. Mivan formwork system not only helps in improving the quality and efficiency of the work but also has helped in maintaining the site safety. Anything that is good for the environment is good for humankind as well, so the investment in the green roofs is considered to be the best way in reducing the negative impact of humans on the environment. Green roofs not only reduce the adverse impact on the environment but also help the people in reducing their bill for heating and cooling.